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Pediatrics - Diarrhea

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Durchsuche PediatricsDurchsuche Health BereichoderAlle Bereiche erkunden
60 Fragen
May 22, 2025

Frage 1

What is the Plan B dosage based on weight?

Antwort

75 mls/kg.

Frage 2

How is the ORS administered in Plan B?

Antwort

Over 4 hours.

Frage 3

What patient condition involves a stiff neck and bulging fontanelle?

Antwort

Probable meningitis.

Frage 4

What is the first treatment for probable meningitis?

Antwort

Ceftriaxone.

Frage 5

What should be done if CSF test results are normal?

Antwort

No meningitis is indicated.

Frage 6

What is indicated for possible meningitis?

Antwort

Ceftriaxone and senior review.

Frage 7

What age group is indicated for treating diarrhoea/gastroenteritis?

Antwort

Age ≥ 1 month excluding severe malnutrition.

Frage 8

What signifies hypovolaemic shock from dehydration?

Antwort

All four criteria including weak pulse and AVPU < A.

Frage 9

What are the signs of severe dehydration?

Antwort

Unable to drink or AVPU < A plus specific symptoms.

Frage 10

What is the initial bolus for severe dehydration?

Antwort

IV/IO Ringer's lactate 20mls/kg over 15 minutes.

Frage 11

What should be done if the patient remains in shock after the first bolus?

Antwort

Administer a second bolus before proceeding.

Frage 12

What treatment is required for hypoglycaemia?

Antwort

Treat for hypoglycaemia.

Frage 13

When should blood transfusion be considered?

Antwort

If Hb < 5g/dl and severe pallor is present.

Frage 14

What is the dosage of IV Ringer's Lactate for Plan C Step 1?

Antwort

30mls/kg.

Frage 15

How long should IV Ringer's Lactate be administered if age is ≥ 12 months?

Antwort

Over 30 minutes.

Frage 16

What is the administration time for those under 12 months in Plan C Step 1?

Antwort

Over 60 minutes.

Frage 17

What is the IV Ringer's Lactate dosage in Plan C Step 2 for those over 12 months?

Antwort

70ml/kg.

Frage 18

What is the administration duration for Plan C Step 2 under 12 months?

Antwort

Over 5 hours.

Frage 19

What is the oral rehydration solution (ORS) dosage if IV is not possible?

Antwort

120mls/kg over 6 hours via NGT.

Frage 20

How often should reassessment occur after treatment?

Antwort

At least hourly.

Frage 21

What characterizes some dehydration?

Antwort

Able to drink with specific symptoms.

Frage 22

What treatment is used for no dehydration?

Antwort

ORS by mouth at 75mls/kg over 4 hours.

Frage 23

What should be done after the initial 4 hours of treatment?

Antwort

Reassess and classify accordingly.

Frage 24

What should be done for diarrhoea but not enough signs of dehydration?

Antwort

Continue breastfeeding as tolerated.

Frage 25

What is Plan A for treating loose stools?

Antwort

10mls/kg ORS after each loose stool.

Frage 26

What is recommended for feeding if the child is over 6 months?

Antwort

Encourage feeding.

Frage 27

What nutrient should all cases receive?

Antwort

Zinc.

Frage 28

When are antimicrobials indicated?

Antwort

In cases of dysentery or proven amoebiasis or giardiasis.

Frage 29

What condition can present with cold hands and a temperature gradient?

Antwort

Hypovolaemic shock.

Frage 30

What clinical sign indicates slow skin pinch?

Antwort

It is defined as taking more than 2 seconds.

Frage 31

What is a sign of severe dehydration in children?

Antwort

Sunken eyes.

Frage 32

What does AVPU stand for?

Antwort

Alert, Voice, Pain, Unresponsive.

Frage 33

What physical examination method can assess hydration status?

Antwort

Skin pinch test.

Frage 34

What is an indication of mild dehydration?

Antwort

Skin pinch lasting 1-2 seconds.

Frage 35

What should be confirmed before IV treatment?

Antwort

Ability to drink or AVPU status.

Frage 36

What is the treatment for a patient unable to drink?

Antwort

IV fluids as per protocol.

Frage 37

What is the role of reassessment after treatment?

Antwort

To correctly classify dehydration status.

Frage 38

What does the '+' in the LP results indicate?

Antwort

It indicates a positive finding in the examination.

Frage 39

What consists of a full assessment for dehydration?

Antwort

History and physical signs.

Frage 40

What protocol requires a second bolus?

Antwort

Plan C for severe dehydration.

Frage 41

What can indicate a hypoglycaemic crisis in dehydration?

Antwort

Altered AVPU status.

Frage 42

How often can a bolus be repeated during severe dehydration?

Antwort

A second bolus may be given if still in shock.

Frage 43

What indicates that a child should be closely monitored during treatment?

Antwort

Presence of severe dehydration signs.

Frage 44

What does the term 'clear CSF' imply in diagnosis?

Antwort

It is indicative of no infection.

Frage 45

What can be added to treatment in suspected infections?

Antwort

Antibiotics like Ceftriaxone.

Frage 46

What condition requires urgent referral in suspected meningitis?

Antwort

Positive findings in LP or concerning symptoms.

Frage 47

What classification applies if there are symptoms but CSF is clear?

Antwort

Possible meningitis.

Frage 48

What symptom might suggest some dehydration?

Antwort

Restlessness or irritability.

Frage 49

What does a capillary refill time of >3 seconds mean?

Antwort

It typically indicates significant dehydration.

Frage 50

What is a child classified as if they have no dehydration?

Antwort

They can take ORS orally without complications.

Frage 51

What additional care should be offered to infants?

Antwort

Breastfeeding should continue.

Frage 52

What aspect of hydration should be reassessed hourly?

Antwort

Signs and symptoms of dehydration.

Frage 53

What indicates sufficient hydration in children?

Antwort

Adequate ability to drink fluids.

Frage 54

What procedure should be followed for children under 12 months in dehydration?

Antwort

Prolonged IV fluid administration as per age.

Frage 55

What should remain a priority in paediatric care with diarrhoea?

Antwort

Ensuring adequate hydration.

Frage 56

What indicates a requirement for ORS over IV treatment?

Antwort

Mild dehydration with adequate drink ability.

Frage 57

What feature of Plan B involves oral rehydration?

Antwort

ORS administered over a specified duration.

Frage 58

What is a key educational component for caregivers during gastrointestinal illnesses?

Antwort

Teach them about signs of dehydration.

Frage 59

What is essential in the early signs of gastroenteritis?

Antwort

Prompt rehydration attempts.

Frage 60

What is necessary to confirm absence of serious illness after treatment?

Antwort

Careful monitoring and reassessment.

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